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Tran Thai Tong was named Tran Canh when he was born in 1218 toward the end of the Ly Dynasty. Tran Thu Do, his uncle, arranged for his marriage to Queen Ly Chieu Hoang. She then abdicated and he founded the Tran Dynasty in 1226. He commanded the Dai Viet armies that defeated the first (of three) invasion by the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty in 1257. Educated in both Confucianism and Buddhism. He wrote several books on Buddhism, the most famous being Khoa Hu Luc, Instructions On Emptiness, a Zen manual.
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